WHAT ARE THE TYPES OF NETWORK TOPOLOGY?

 There are 6 types of topology 



 1. Bus Topology

The bus topology connects each device on the network to a common main cable, creating a single communication path for all nodes. One point transmits data along a single route to another point. We cannot transmit data in both ways. Linear Bus Topology is the term used for this topology when it has exactly two endpoints and is primarily utilized for small networks.







2. Ring Topology
The devices in a ring topology, such as computers, printers, or servers, are interconnected in a circular or ring-like pattern, which forms a closed loop. Two other devices link each device in the Ring topology., positioned on either side. The last device in the chain connects to the first device, completing the circuit. Each device in a ring topology is linked to two other devices, one on either side, forming a continuous ring or loop. In a ring topology, data is transmitted in one direction around the circle, with each device on the network reading and passing on the data until it reaches its destination.





3. Star Topology
In a star topology network, all devices directly link to a central switch or hub, serving as the central connection point. In this topology, Devices transmit data through the central hub, which then distributes the data to all devices connected. Hubs can either be active or passive, with active hubs containing repeaters and passive hubs being classified as non-intelligent nodes. Each node is connected directly to a central node, which serves as a repeater during data transmission.






4. Mesh Topology
Network channels connect each node to all the other nodes in a mesh topology. Mesh topology is a point-to-point connection, which means that there are multiple paths that data can take between any two devices, providing redundancy and fault tolerance in case of a network failure.

The mesh topology supports two data transmission techniques: routing and flooding. The routing technique equips the nodes with routing logic, such as selecting the shortest distance path to the destination node or avoiding routes with broken connections. On the other hand, the flooding technique involves broadcasting the data to all network nodes, eliminating the need for the routing logic. While this technique enhances the network’s robustness, it may also generate unwanted network traffic and result in a heavy load on the network.





5.Hybrid Topology
Hybrid topology refers to combining two or more different network topologies. It combines the advantages of each topology to create a more robust and flexible network infrastructure.



6. Tree Topology
A tree topology consists of a hierarchical structure that resembles a tree. In this type of network topology, a central node, also known as the root node, connects to one or more nodes, which in turn connect to additional nodes.

In a tree topology, “level 1” nodes refer to the nodes directly connected to the root node, while nodes connected to level 1 nodes are referred to as “level 2” nodes, and so on. This hierarchical structure can expand to multiple levels, creating a large and complex network.





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