INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY

A computer network is a highly sophisticated system strategically designed to interconnect multiple nodes, creating a dynamic framework that enables seamless communication and facilitates the efficient sharing of information and resources among its constituent elements. This intricate network architecture involves a diverse array of essential components, each playing a crucial role in ensuring the functionality and effectiveness of the overall system.   1. Computers: At the heart of a computer network are the digital entities known as computers. These versatile devices possess the capability to accept input data, process it using predefined algorithms and data structures, and generate meaningful output. In the context of a network, computers play a pivotal role in facilitating data interchange and adopting a distributed programming model for parallel processing. Their functionalities extend beyond mere data processing to include tasks such as data storage, transformation, and retrieval

  There are 6 types of topology   1. Bus Topology The bus topology connects each device on the network to a common main cable, creating a single communication path for all nodes. One point transmits data along a single route to another point. We cannot transmit data in both ways. Linear Bus Topology is the term used for this topology when it has exactly two endpoints and is primarily utilized for small networks. 2. Ring Topology The devices in a ring topology, such as computers, printers, or servers, are interconnected in a circular or ring-like pattern, which forms a closed loop. Two other devices link each device in the Ring topology., positioned on either side. The last device in the chain connects to the first device, completing the circuit. Each device in a ring topology is linked to two other devices, one on either side, forming a continuous ring or loop. In a ring topology, data is transmitted in one direction around the circle, with each device on the network reading and passin